Scaling is a common enameling defect, which is caused by contamination with materials with a higher melting temperature than enamel. Typical sources of scaling are...
Identifying the correct type of enamel defect is the first & perhaps most important step when troubleshooting industrial enameling processes. Analyzing enameling defects with digital...
Fishscaling Fishscaling is an enameling defect, which is characterized by small enamel particles chipping off. Chipping off may happen directly after firing when cooling down...
The Italian National Unification institute has published UNI 11734 as of December 6, 2018. This standard specifies a method for measuring the hydrogen diffusion coefficient in order...
Porcelain (vitreous) enameling is a relative complex coating process with many steps & dito variables. This complexity makes it very well suited for continuous improvement...
Resolving enamel defects during an industrial manufacturing process requires a structured three steps approach. Step I Identify the right defect. This may sound silly, but...