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| Mill addition |
Function |
| Aerosil |
Set-up |
| Aluminium oxide |
Matting agent and to increase heat resistance of ground coat |
| Aluminium hydroxide |
Equivalent to aluminium oxide |
| Aluminium powder |
Increase heat resistance in ground coat |
| Antimony trioxide |
Increase adherence of ground coat |
| Barium chloride |
Set-up in cover coat |
| Barium carbonate |
Set-up in cover coat |
| Bentonite |
Set-up |
| Borax |
Set-up in ground coat |
| Boric acid |
Set-up |
| Cadmium oxide |
Stabilize Cd-Se red enamels |
| Clay |
Provide bubble structure |
| Cupric chloride |
Self lustre enamel 1118 |
| EK-1000 |
For continuous clean enamel |
| Feldspar |
For ground coat |
| Gumst |
Increase filmstrength |
| Magnesium chloride |
Set-up cover coat |
| Magnesium nitrate |
to increase suspension and to prevent fishscales |
| Opacifier UV |
Opacifier |
| Potash |
Set-up |
| Potassium choride |
Set-up cover coat |
| Potassium nitrate |
Oxidizing agent for aluminium enamels |
| Quartz |
to increase firing range and matting agent |
| Silicic acid |
Set-up |
| Silver sand |
For heat resistant ground coat |
| Soda ash |
Set-up in ground coat |
| Sodium aluminate |
Set-up in cover coat |
| Sodium nitrite |
Set-up in ground coat |
| Sodium pyrophosphate |
To decrease set-up |
| Sodium silico fluoride |
Set-up cover coat |
| Tinoxide |
Opacifier |
| Titanium dioxide |
Opacifier |
| Trisodium phosphate |
To prevent rusting in cast iron ground coat |
| Urea |
To prevent hairlines in cover coat |
| Zirconite |
Opacifier |
| Zircon oxide |
Opacifier |
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Ronald Ditmer is the founder and managing director of Ditmer Trading & Consulting BV.
Involved in the vitreous enameling industry since 1984 and specialized in setting-up complete enameling plants, designing enameling equipment and troubleshooting enameling processes & equipment.
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